英语是一门很紧张的学科,把握好根蒂根基常识对英语学习有很大帮忙。下面是收拾整顿的初中英语根本常识点,仅供大师参考。
语态
英语有两种语态:主动语态和主动语态
1.主动语态透露表现是举措的执行者;主动语态透露表现主语是举措的接受者
如:Cats eat fish.(主动语态)猫吃鱼。
Fish is eaten by cats.主动语态鱼被猫吃。
2.主动语态的构成
由“助动词be +及物动词的过来分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变革,其变革划定规矩与be 作为结合动词时完全一样。
如:English is spoken in in many countries.
英语被很多国度使用。
This bridge was built in 1989.
这座桥是1989年建筑的。
3.主动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是举措的执行者,大概没有必要指出谁是举措的执行者,大概只需强变更作的接受者时,要用主动语态。
冠词和名词
1.a/an用于双数可数名词前,a用于以辅音音素开头的词前,an用于以元音音素开头的词前。
2.the既可用于可数名词前,又可用于不成 数名词前,透露表现特指。
解读2:数词a/an+量词+of+名词"布局中,若数词超越"1”,量词应用单数方式。该布局作主语时,谓语动词与量词的方式坚持分歧。
干系副词where的用法
干系副词where替代的先行词透露表现的是地址,where在定语从句作地址状语。比方:
During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up.
春节期间,我回到了生我养我的故乡。(where的先行词是town)
This is the place where Li Bai once lived.
这是李白曾经糊口过之处。(where先行词是place)
干系代词who,whom和whose的用法
1.who替代人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。比方:
An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是计划衡宇的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会健忘在高一时教我们化学的那位教师。
2.whom替代人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略。比方:
Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday 今天我们在黉舍藏书楼里遇到的那位师长教师你认识吗
The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的阿谁女孩名叫玛丽。(在非正式英语中,主格who替代了宾格whom,亦可省略)
Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here 我们这儿能看到窗户的阿谁宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗 (干系代词whose指代先行词hotel,正式用法该当用of which。whose window=the window of which,意思是:the window of the hotel。)
干系副词when的用法
干系副词when替代的先行词透露表现的是时间,when在定语从句作时间状语。比方:
In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often.
北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。(when先行词是months)
Do you remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace
你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗 (when先行词是day, 今世英语里when可以用that替代,这时候干系代词that就变成为了透露表现时间的干系副词)
I haven’t seen her since the year when I left Tokyo.
自从我分开东京的那一年我就不断没见到过她。(when先行词是year,同样when可以用that替代)